arrowhead

An arrowhead is the tip of an arrow, typically made of stone or metal, shaped to create a sharp point that would penetrate targets. Arrowheads were used with bows or other early propulsion systems and were essential in hunting and warfare across many cultures. They are a subset of projectile points, including spear and dart points.

Historically, arrowheads were produced by flintknapping, a process of removing flakes from a core to create a functional point. Stone arrowheads most commonly used flint, chert, or obsidian; later periods saw metal arrowheads in bronze and iron. The size and shape vary with the intended prey and the bow's draw weight.

Arrowhead types are classified by shape and function. Common forms include unstemmed points, stemmed points, and chipped- or pressure-flaked tips. Some points are barbed to prevent loss on impact; others have ground edges for improved penetration. Regional styles reflect distinct tool-making traditions.

In archaeology, arrowheads help identify cultures and chronology; they appear in campsites, hearths, and burial sites. They range widely in age and distribution and are thus used in both regional and temporal analysis. In modern times, arrowheads are collected as artifacts or replicas for education and recreation.