arkeometria

Arkeometria is the application of scientific methods and techniques to the study of archaeological evidence. It bridges the gap between traditional archaeological interpretation and the scientific analysis of artifacts, sites, and human remains. This interdisciplinary field draws upon a wide range of scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, geology, biology, and engineering, to extract detailed information about past human activities, technologies, and environments.

The primary goal of arkeometria is to provide objective data that can corroborate, refine, or challenge archaeological hypotheses. This can involve determining the age of materials through methods like radiocarbon dating or thermoluminescence, identifying the provenance of raw materials used in tool production or pottery through techniques such as X-ray fluorescence or mass spectrometry, and reconstructing past environments by analyzing pollen, sediment, or faunal remains.

Arkeometria also plays a crucial role in understanding ancient technologies. Scientists can analyze the composition and structure of ancient metals, ceramics, and glass to learn about smelting processes, firing temperatures, and manufacturing techniques. Similarly, analyzing ancient DNA can reveal information about migration patterns, domestication processes, and the health of past populations. The insights gained from arkeometria offer a deeper and more nuanced understanding of human history and our ancestors' capabilities.