aorttaläppävika

Aorttaläppävika refers to a condition affecting the aortic valve, one of the four valves in the heart. This valve is located between the left ventricle, the heart's main pumping chamber, and the aorta, the body's largest artery. Its primary function is to ensure that blood flows from the left ventricle into the aorta and to prevent backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole, when the heart muscle relaxes.

Aorttaläppävika can manifest in two main forms: aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation. Aortic stenosis occurs when the aortic valve narrows, restricting blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. This can be caused by factors such as age-related calcification, congenital abnormalities, or rheumatic fever. Aortic regurgitation, also known as aortic insufficiency, happens when the aortic valve does not close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the left ventricle. Causes of aortic regurgitation include valve damage from infections, high blood pressure, or issues with the aorta itself.

Symptoms of aorttaläppävika vary depending on the severity and type of the defect. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while more significant problems can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, and palpitations. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart), and sometimes other imaging tests. Treatment strategies depend on the specific condition and its impact on the patient's health, ranging from monitoring to medications and surgical interventions such as valve repair or replacement. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing complications and improving long-term outcomes.