antiallergics

Antiallergics, also known as antihistamines, are a class of drugs used to treat allergic reactions. They work by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released by the body's immune system during an allergic response. Histamine is responsible for many of the symptoms associated with allergies, such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and hives.

Antiallergics are available in various forms, including oral tablets, liquid suspensions, nasal sprays, and eye drops. They are commonly used to manage symptoms of conditions like hay fever, urticaria (hives), allergic conjunctivitis, and insect bite reactions. Some antiallergics are also used to treat symptoms of the common cold, such as sneezing and runny nose, although they do not cure the cold itself.

There are different generations of antiallergics. First-generation antiallergics, such as diphenhydramine, are known to cause drowsiness and can impair cognitive function. Newer, second-generation antiallergics, such as loratadine and cetirizine, are generally non-drowsy and have fewer side effects. However, individual responses can vary.

Common side effects of antiallergics can include dry mouth, dizziness, and blurred vision, particularly with first-generation medications. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking any antiallergic medication to ensure it is appropriate for your specific condition and to discuss potential interactions with other medications you may be taking. Antiallergics are typically effective in relieving mild to moderate allergy symptoms.