androsaemum

Androsaemum is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae, commonly known as Tutsans. The genus currently contains three accepted species. These are herbaceous perennials native to Europe and North Africa.

The most well-known species is Androsaemum officinale, also called Common Tutsan or Hypericum androsaemum. This species is characterized by its erect stems, oval, leathery leaves that are sessile and dotted with translucent glands, and its bright yellow flowers. The flowers typically have five petals and numerous stamens. Following flowering, it produces distinctive black berries that become red when ripe. Common Tutsan is often found in woodlands, hedgerows, and on open, damp ground. It has a history of use in traditional medicine, though its efficacy and safety are not scientifically established.

Another species is Androsaemum bohemicum, which is similar to A. officinale but often has broader leaves and a more compact growth habit. Androsaemum grandifolium is found on the Canary Islands and has larger leaves than the other two species.

The genus name Androsaemum is derived from the Greek words "andros" meaning man and "haima" meaning blood, possibly referring to the red berries or a perceived medicinal property. Plants in this genus are generally hardy and can be grown in similar conditions to other members of the Hypericaceae family, preferring well-drained soil and a sunny to partially shaded location.