androgenireseptori

Androgenireseptori, also known as AR, are proteins that act as receptors for androgens, a group of steroid hormones that include testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. These receptors are found in various tissues throughout the body, including the prostate gland, skeletal muscles, liver, and brain. The interaction of androgens with their receptors is crucial for a wide range of physiological processes.

When an androgen binds to an androgen receptor, it causes a conformational change in the receptor. This change allows the receptor to translocate into the cell nucleus. Once in the nucleus, the androgen-receptor complex can bind to specific DNA sequences called androgen response elements (AREs). This binding initiates or represses the transcription of target genes, thereby influencing cellular function.

The androgen receptor plays a vital role in male sexual development and reproductive health, contributing to the growth and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. Beyond reproduction, AR signaling is implicated in muscle mass, bone density, mood, and cognitive function. Dysregulation of AR signaling is associated with various conditions, including prostate cancer, where AR is often overexpressed and plays a key role in tumor growth and progression. Research into AR antagonists and agonists is ongoing for therapeutic interventions.