ampicilín

Ampicillin is a penicillin-class antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a key component of bacterial cell walls, leading to bacterial cell death. Ampicillin is effective against a range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and some strains of E. coli. It is commonly prescribed for infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, and meningitis.

Administered orally or intravenously, ampicillin's absorption and efficacy can be influenced by food intake. It is often prescribed in combination with other drugs, like sulbactam, to overcome resistance mechanisms in certain bacteria. The drug is generally well-tolerated, but potential side effects include rash, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, are also possible. Ampicillin should be used cautiously in individuals with a history of severe allergies.

Resistance to ampicillin has emerged in many bacterial species due to the production of beta-lactamase enzymes, which break down the antibiotic. This has led to the development of ampicillin derivatives or combinations with beta-lactamase inhibitors. It is crucial to complete the full course of ampicillin as prescribed by a healthcare professional to ensure complete eradication of the infection and to minimize the development of antibiotic resistance.