amóniát

Amóniát is a chemical compound with the formula NH₃. It is a colorless gas with a distinct, pungent odor. Amóniát is highly soluble in water, forming an alkaline solution. It is composed of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. Amóniát is a vital chemical used in various industrial and agricultural applications.

In agriculture, amóniát is primarily used as a fertilizer. It provides nitrogen, an essential nutrient for plant growth. It can be applied directly to soil or as a component of liquid fertilizers. The production of amóniát is a large-scale industrial process known as the Haber-Bosch process, which synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases under high pressure and temperature.

Beyond agriculture, amóniát has numerous other uses. It is a key ingredient in the production of plastics, explosives, textiles, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used in refrigeration systems as a cooling agent due to its ability to absorb heat when it evaporates. In household cleaning products, diluted amóniát solutions are effective degreasers. However, amóniát is corrosive and can be toxic if inhaled in high concentrations, necessitating careful handling and ventilation. Its reactivity makes it a valuable precursor in many chemical syntheses.