alultápláltságra

Malnutrition, known in Hungarian as alultápláltság, refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person's intake of energy and/or nutrients. This broad term encompasses both undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition includes being underweight, too thin for one's height (wasting), too short for one's age (stunting), and deficient in essential vitamins or minerals. Overnutrition, conversely, leads to being overweight or obese, and is often associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases.

Malnutrition can arise from a variety of factors, including inadequate access to nutritious food, poor dietary choices, underlying health conditions that affect nutrient absorption or metabolism, and socioeconomic determinants. Inadequate food intake can be due to poverty, food insecurity, or lack of education about proper nutrition. Certain diseases, such as gastrointestinal disorders or chronic illnesses, can also contribute to malnutrition by impairing the body's ability to digest, absorb, or utilize nutrients.

The consequences of malnutrition are far-reaching and can affect individuals throughout their lifespan. In children, it can lead to impaired growth and development, weakened immune systems, and increased susceptibility to infections, potentially resulting in irreversible developmental delays. In adults, malnutrition can manifest as reduced physical and cognitive capacity, increased risk of chronic diseases, and a diminished quality of life. Addressing malnutrition requires a multifaceted approach, including promoting access to nutritious food, improving healthcare services, and implementing public health initiatives focused on nutrition education and awareness.