alultápláltsághoz

Malnutritiot is a condition characterized by a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein, and/or other nutrients that causes measurable adverse effects on tissue/body form, function, and clinical outcome. It is broadly categorized into undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition encompasses wasting (low weight-for-height), stunting (low height-for-age), and underweight (low weight-for-age). It can also include micronutrient deficiencies. Overnutrition refers to the consumption of excess calories and nutrients, often leading to overweight and obesity.

The causes of malnutritiot are multifactorial and can include inadequate dietary intake, poor absorption of nutrients, increased nutrient requirements due to illness or pregnancy, and socioeconomic factors such as poverty, food insecurity, and lack of access to healthcare. Certain medical conditions, like malabsorption syndromes or chronic diseases, can also contribute.

The consequences of malnutritiot can be severe and widespread. Undernutrition, particularly in early childhood, can lead to irreversible developmental delays, impaired cognitive function, weakened immune systems, and increased susceptibility to infections. In adults, it can result in muscle wasting, fatigue, and a reduced capacity to work. Overnutrition, on the other hand, is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer.

Prevention and treatment of malnutritiot involve a combination of nutritional interventions, medical care, and addressing underlying socioeconomic determinants. This includes promoting breastfeeding, providing balanced diets, micronutrient supplementation where necessary, and treating underlying medical conditions. Public health initiatives aimed at improving food security and access to healthcare are also crucial.