allotetraploidy

Allotetraploidy is a type of polyploidy in which an organism has four sets of chromosomes, but these sets are not all identical. This is in contrast to autopolyploidy, where all four sets of chromosomes are derived from the same species. Allotetraploidy can occur through hybridization, where two different species with different chromosome sets interbreed, or through polyploidization, where a single species undergoes chromosome doubling.

Allotetraploids are often sterile due to the genetic incompatibility between the different chromosome sets. However, in some cases, they can produce viable offspring, leading to the formation of new species. This process is known as allopolyploid speciation.

Allotetraploidy is a common phenomenon in plants, where it has played a significant role in plant evolution. It has also been observed in some animal species, such as certain fish and amphibians. The study of allotetraploidy provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of speciation and the evolution of genetic diversity.