alginátu

Alginát is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in the cell walls of brown algae. It is a linear polymer composed of beta-D-mannuronic acid and alpha-L-guluronic acid residues linked by glycosidic bonds. The ratio and arrangement of these two uronic acids vary depending on the algae species and environmental conditions, influencing the properties of the alginate. Alginates are typically extracted from harvested brown seaweed through a process involving alkali treatment.

The unique properties of alginate, particularly its ability to form gels in the presence of divalent cations like calcium, have led to its widespread use in various applications. In the food industry, it is employed as a thickener, stabilizer, and gelling agent, commonly found in products such as ice cream, yogurt, and dressings. Its low calorie content and ability to bind water also make it useful in low-fat food formulations.

Beyond food, alginate finds significant use in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. Its biocompatibility and non-toxicity make it suitable for wound dressings, where it can absorb exudate and promote healing. It is also used in drug delivery systems, acting as a matrix for controlled release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In dentistry, alginate is a common impression material for dental molds. Its versatility stems from its ability to be processed into various forms, including gels, fibers, and films, all while maintaining its beneficial properties.