alfaamyolázat

Alfa-amiláz, often referred to as alfaamyolázat in some contexts, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in carbohydrate digestion. It is a type of amylase, which breaks down starch into smaller sugars like maltose and dextrins. This process begins in the mouth with salivary amylase and continues in the small intestine with pancreatic amylase.

The enzyme functions by catalyzing the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds within starch molecules. Its optimal activity is typically found within a specific pH range, and it requires the presence of calcium ions as a cofactor for stability and activity. Alfa-amiláz is widely distributed in the animal kingdom and is essential for extracting energy from starchy foods.

In humans, deficiencies in alfa-amiláz can lead to digestive issues, although this is relatively rare. Conversely, elevated levels of pancreatic alfa-amiláz in the blood can be an indicator of pancreatic damage, such as in cases of pancreatitis. The enzyme's ability to break down starch also makes it valuable in various industrial applications, including food processing, brewing, and textile manufacturing. For example, it is used to convert starch into fermentable sugars for alcohol production or to modify the texture of baked goods.