adefovir

Adefovir is a medication used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs called nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Adefovir works by interfering with the ability of the HBV virus to multiply in the body. It is typically administered orally in the form of adefovir dipivoxil, which is a prodrug that is converted into its active form, adefovir diphosphate, within the body.

The primary indication for adefovir is for patients with chronic hepatitis B who have evidence of viral replication and liver inflammation. It is important for healthcare providers to assess liver function and viral load before initiating treatment. Adefovir has been shown to reduce viral DNA levels and improve liver histology in many patients. However, it does not cure hepatitis B, and treatment is often long-term.

Like all medications, adefovir can have side effects. The most significant concern with long-term use of adefovir is potential kidney toxicity. Regular monitoring of kidney function is therefore essential for patients taking this medication. Other potential side effects include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Adefovir should not be used in individuals with severe kidney disease.

The development of drug resistance is also a consideration with antiviral therapies. While adefovir is generally effective, some HBV strains can develop resistance over time, which may necessitate a change in treatment. Its use has, in part, been superseded by newer agents with improved efficacy and safety profiles, but it remains an option in certain clinical situations.