adaptorer

Adaptors (also spelled adapters) are devices that enable two incompatible interfaces to connect. They can be passive, providing a physical fit, or active, containing electronics to translate signals or power levels.

Common forms include electrical adaptors such as plug adaptors used to fit a device's plug into foreign outlets, sometimes called travel adapters; data adaptors such as USB-C to USB-A or HDMI to DisplayPort adapters; and optical adaptors that join fiber optic connectors.

Travel adaptors should not be confused with voltage converters. A plug adaptor only changes the shape of the plug; it does not convert electrical voltage. If a device is not dual-voltage, using a converter (or a power supply designed for the local voltage) may be required.

In computing and electronics, an adaptor may also be a passive interface wrapper or an active circuit that translates protocols. In software engineering, the adapter pattern wraps a class with a new interface, allowing it to cooperate with code that expects a different one.

Adaptors are widely used in consumer electronics, data centers, and travel, enabling interoperability among products from different regions and generations. They play a key role in extending the lifespan of equipment and facilitating flexible system design.