absorptsioonikõver

Absorptsioonikõver refers to a graphical representation of how much light a substance absorbs at different wavelengths. It is a fundamental tool in spectroscopy, particularly in UV-Vis spectroscopy, where it is used to identify and quantify chemical compounds. The horizontal axis of the curve typically represents the wavelength of light, usually in nanometers (nm), while the vertical axis represents the absorbance, which is a measure of the intensity of light absorbed by the sample.

When light passes through a sample, some wavelengths are absorbed more strongly than others, depending on the electronic structure of the molecules present. The absorptsioonikõver plots these absorption intensities against wavelength, revealing characteristic peaks and troughs that are unique to each substance. These absorption patterns act like a fingerprint, allowing scientists to identify unknown compounds by comparing their absorptsioonikõver to known spectra.

Furthermore, the height of the absorption peaks is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing substance in the sample, a principle described by the Beer-Lambert Law. This relationship enables quantitative analysis, allowing researchers to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by measuring the absorbance at a specific wavelength, usually the wavelength of maximum absorption (λmax). Absorptsioonikõverid are essential in various fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine, for purposes ranging from quality control to research and diagnostics.