Zöldtrágyázás

Zöldtrágyázás, also known as green manuring, is an agricultural practice that involves growing specific plant species, known as green manure crops, and then incorporating them into the soil while they are still green and before they fully mature. These crops are typically legumes, grasses, or other plants that can quickly establish and accumulate biomass. The primary purpose of zöldtrágyázás is to improve soil fertility and health.

When green manure crops are tilled into the soil, they decompose, releasing essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which become available for subsequent crops. Leguminous green manures are particularly valuable for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria. This natural nitrogen fixation reduces the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, leading to cost savings and reduced environmental impact.

Beyond nutrient enrichment, zöldtrágyázás offers several other benefits. The incorporation of organic matter improves soil structure, enhancing water retention and aeration. This, in turn, promotes beneficial microbial activity and can suppress soil-borne diseases and weed growth. Green manure crops can also help prevent soil erosion by covering the soil surface and binding it with their root systems. The selection of appropriate green manure species depends on factors such as climate, soil type, and the needs of the main crop. Common examples include clover, vetch, rye, and buckwheat.