Zmap

ZMap is an open-source network scanner designed to perform fast, large-scale internet scans efficiently. Developed by the University of Michigan in 2014, it is primarily used for network research, security assessments, and exploring internet topology. The tool is written in the C programming language and leverages modern networking techniques to achieve high-speed scanning capabilities.

One of the key features of ZMap is its ability to scan millions of IP addresses in a short amount of time, often within seconds or minutes. This speed is achieved through the use of asynchronous I/O operations, which allow the program to handle multiple network connections concurrently without blocking. Additionally, ZMap supports various scanning protocols, including TCP, UDP, and ICMP, making it versatile for different types of network analysis.

The tool is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPLv3), ensuring that it is freely available for research and educational purposes. ZMap is often used by cybersecurity professionals, researchers, and network administrators to identify open ports, services, and vulnerabilities across large networks. However, due to its potential for misuse, such as scanning networks without permission, it is important to use ZMap responsibly and in compliance with legal and ethical guidelines.

ZMap is frequently employed in studies related to internet measurement, security research, and the analysis of network behavior. Its efficiency and flexibility have made it a popular choice among those working in the fields of cybersecurity and network engineering. The project continues to evolve, with updates and improvements regularly released by its maintainers.