ZGB

ZGB stands for Schweizerisches Zivilgesetzbuch, the Swiss Civil Code. It is the core source of private law in Switzerland, governing civil rights and private relationships. The code addresses areas such as contracts, property and ownership, and private matters within family and inheritance law. It applies to natural persons and to legal entities, and its provisions are applied by Swiss courts, authorities, and notaries in civil matters. The ZGB exists in the official Swiss languages and is used nationwide.

The ZGB was adopted by the Swiss Federal Assembly in 1907 and entered into force on January 1, 1912. It forms the foundation of Swiss private law alongside the Code of Obligations, which covers contracts and corporate matters. Over the years, the ZGB has been amended numerous times to reflect social and economic developments, including reforms in family law and succession rules, among others. The code is interpreted by Swiss courts, guided by constitutional principles and evolving case law.

Structure and scope: The ZGB is organized into multiple books and chapters that cover general civil law and private rights. Its main topics include provisions on persons and personality, family law, property and ownership, and inheritance. In addition to the ZGB, the Swiss private-law regime includes supplementary rules and regulations that address specific areas and modern needs. The code remains a living framework, regularly updated to adapt to changes in Swiss society and private life.