Ylenmääräisenä

Ylenmääräisenä is the essive form of the Finnish adjective ylenmääräinen, meaning "excessive" or "surplus" in reference to quantity or degree. In Finnish grammar, the essive case expresses a temporary state or role, roughly translated as "as a ..." or "in the state of ...". Therefore ylenmääräisenä conveys "as an excessive amount" or "in an excessive manner." The term is typically used in formal, administrative, or statistical language rather than in everyday speech.

The word combines a root meaning related to amount or quantity with a prefix or particle indicating excess. Ylenmääräisenä is the form required when describing something in the essive state: for example, when an item is viewed or classified as being in excess rather than within the normal limit. Because of its formal register, ylenmääräisenä commonly appears in budgets, financial reports, and legal or regulatory texts.

Usage and nuance: ylenmääräisenä is used to indicate that a quantity or cost exceeds what is considered acceptable, permitted, or anticipated. It is closely related to other terms describing surplus or overage, such as ylimääräinen, but ylenmääräisenä specifically marks the state of being in excess rather than merely being extra.

Examples:

- Kustannuserä on kirjattu ylenmääräisenä budjetin ulkopuolisena menoeränä.

- Raportissa menojen katsotaan olevan ylenmääräisenä suhteessa asetettuun budjettiin.

See also: ylenmääräinen, ylimääräinen, essive case, Finnish grammar.