Ylärajat

Ylärajat is a Finnish term that translates to upper bounds or maximum limits. The concept is used in mathematics, measurement, engineering, statistics, and policy to denote the greatest value a quantity may take.

In mathematics, a yläraja for a set S is any number that is greater than or equal to every element of S. When S is bounded above and real numbers are considered, the least upper bound is the supremum of S. Upper bounds may be finite or infinite.

In practical contexts, a yläraja may be a scale maximum, a specification limit, or a regulatory cap. Examples include the maximum score on a test, the upper limit of a data field (for instance, a value no greater than 100), or emission allowances set by a policy.

In computing and data processing, upper bounds constrain inputs and resources; they can define array sizes, storage limits, or worst-case time bounds (an algorithm's upper bound on running time).

The term is often contrasted with alarajat, or lower bounds, which cap how small a value can be, and with the concept of supremum, which is the least upper bound when it exists.