Yangon

Yangon, formerly Rangoon, is the largest city and principal economic hub of Myanmar. It sits on the banks of the Yangon River in the southern part of the country, near the Gulf of Martaban. Although the capital was moved to Naypyidaw in 2005, Yangon remains the country’s main commercial center and port. The metropolitan area is home to several million people.

Historically, Yangon began as a riverine settlement and grew into the capital of British Burma after 1852. The name Rangoon was used during colonial times and officially changed to Yangon in 1989. The city sustained heavy damage during World War II and later underwent reconstruction and modernization.

Yangon has a tropical monsoon climate, with a lengthy wet season from May to October and a cooler, dry season from November to February. Average temperatures typically range from the mid-20s to mid-30s Celsius.

Major landmarks include the Shwedagon Pagoda, a gilded stupa that is the city’s most sacred Buddhist site; Sule Pagoda in the downtown core; Bogyoke Aung San Market (Scott Market); the Chaukhtatgyi Buddha Temple; and the lakeside Kandawgyi Park.

Economically, Yangon is Myanmar's leading port and market center, with commerce centered on the port, trading houses, and light industry. The nearby Thilawa Special Economic Zone has attracted foreign investment. Transport includes Yangon International Airport, a network of roads, and the Yangon Circular Railway, a slow loop around the city.

Yangon is culturally diverse, with Buddhist majorities and significant Muslim, Christian, and Hindu communities. Burmese is the main language; the city preserves a legacy of colonial architecture and has a vibrant arts scene. The Thingyan water festival is a notable annual celebration.