Xizhi

Xizhi commonly refers to Wang Xizhi (c. 303–361), a renowned Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin dynasty who is widely regarded as one of the greatest figures in the history of Chinese calligraphy. Little is known about his early life, but he is celebrated for advancing the art of handwriting, particularly in running and semi-cursive scripts. His work is admired for rhythm, fluidity, and balance, and it influenced generations of calligraphers across China.

His best-known work is the Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion, known in Chinese as Lantingji Xu. Composed during a gathering of scholars at the Orchid Pavilion, this piece is considered a high point of Chinese calligraphy. The original manuscript has been lost, but numerous copies and rubbings preserve its form and style, which exemplify his dexterous brushwork and elegant composition.

Legacy: Wang Xizhi's influence extended beyond his own era. He is traditionally revered as the Sage of Calligraphy, and his approach shaped calligraphic aesthetics in East Asia for centuries. His son, Wang Xianzhi, also became a noted calligrapher. In modern times, his works are studied in art history and calligraphy curricula, and his name remains emblematic of Chinese calligraphy for collectors and scholars alike.