Whilst

Whilst is a conjunction used mainly in British English to mean either "during the time that" or, less commonly, "although." In its temporal sense it introduces a clause that specifies a time frame: "I read a book whilst waiting for the bus." In its concessive sense it can introduce a contrast: "Whilst I understand your concerns, I cannot approve." In American English, the equivalent "while" is overwhelmingly preferred, and "whilst" can sound formal or archaic to many readers.

Etymology: The word arose in Early Modern English as a variant of "while" and has persisted in British usage. Its form is older and more literary than the everyday "while."

Usage notes: Modern writers usually reserve "whilst" for formal, literary, or rhetorical contexts. In ordinary prose, "while" is favored for its simplicity. In careful or legal writing, "while" is typically preferred to avoid archaisms and potential ambiguity.

Examples: "She listened to music whilst cooking." "Whilst the others debated, she prepared the meal."

Regional variation and register: "Whilst" is common in British English and appears in Irish, Australian, and some other Commonwealth varieties, but it is less common or discouraged in American English. Its usage can signal a formal or traditional tone, and many contemporary editors prefer "while" to avoid stylistic friction.