Home

Wechselstroms

Wechselstroms, in English usually called alternating current (AC), describes an electric current whose magnitude and direction reverse periodically. In most power systems the voltage also alternates in a near-sinusoidal waveform. The frequency, measured in hertz (Hz), defines the rate of reversal: 50 Hz is standard in much of Europe, Africa, and Asia; 60 Hz is common in the Americas and parts of Oceania. The waveform is typically sinusoidal, though real systems include harmonics from nonlinear loads.

AC is advantageous for long-distance transmission because voltage can be transformed with transformers, reducing current and

Key elements of AC systems include transformers, transmission lines, and rotating electrical machines such as induction

Historically, polyphase AC development in the late 19th century, notably by Nikola Tesla and George Westinghouse,

associated
losses.
Electrical
generators
in
power
plants
primarily
produce
AC;
distribution
networks
usually
deliver
three-phase
AC
to
minimize
conductor
counts
and
improve
efficiency.
The
root-mean-square
(RMS)
value
expresses
the
effective
voltage
or
current
of
an
AC
signal.
motors
and
synchronous
machines.
Transformers
enable
stepping
voltages
up
for
transmission
and
down
for
end-use.
Induction
motors
are
common
in
industry
and
appliances;
synchronous
motors
and
generators
are
used
where
precise
speed
and
frequency
control
are
required.
enabled
practical
electricity
grids
and
broad
electrification.
Today
AC
remains
the
dominant
form
of
power
distribution
worldwide,
although
high-voltage
direct
current
(HVDC)
is
used
for
certain
long-distance,
submarine
cable
links
and
for
specific
applications.