Waveblocking

Waveblocking refers to a phenomenon in atmospheric science where large-scale, persistent patterns of high pressure, known as blocking highs, impede the normal west-to-east progression of weather systems. These blocking highs are typically quasi-stationary and can divert or stall the jet stream, leading to prolonged and often extreme weather conditions in affected regions.

The formation of blocking patterns is complex and is thought to be influenced by various factors, including interactions between the troposphere and the stratosphere, sea surface temperature anomalies, and the underlying topography of the Earth. When a blocking high establishes itself, it can create a barrier that forces low-pressure systems and associated weather fronts to either steer around it or become trapped in its vicinity.

The consequences of waveblocking can be significant. Regions downstream of a blocking high may experience persistent cold and stormy weather, while areas under the influence of the high itself can suffer from prolonged drought and heatwaves. These persistent weather patterns can have substantial impacts on agriculture, water resources, ecosystems, and human health. Predicting the onset, duration, and decay of waveblocking events remains a significant challenge for meteorologists.