Vådning
Vådning, or wetting, is the process by which a liquid spreads over and makes contact with a solid surface. In surface science, vådning describes how effectively a liquid can cover a surface, governed by the interfacial tensions between solid, liquid and surrounding phases. The degree of vådning is commonly expressed by the contact angle formed by a liquid drop on the surface: small angles indicate good vådning, while large angles indicate poor vådning.
Measurement and theory: The tendency of a liquid to spread is described by surface energies and interfacial
Factors: Vådning depends on the chemical affinity between the liquid and solid, surface cleanliness, and roughness.
Applications: Good vådning ensures uniform coatings and films, effective spreading of inks, and better adhesion in
Methods: Common techniques to assess vådning include contact-angle goniometry, Wilhelmy plate measurements, capillary rise, and sessile