Växtvävnadens

Växtvävnadens, often translated as plant tissue, refers to the organized collection of cells within a plant that perform specific functions. These tissues are the building blocks of plants, analogous to organs in animals. Plant tissues are broadly categorized into two main types: meristematic tissue and permanent tissue.

Meristematic tissues are composed of actively dividing cells, responsible for plant growth. These cells are typically small, thin-walled, and have large nuclei. Apical meristems are found at the tips of roots and shoots, leading to primary growth (increase in length). Lateral meristems, such as the vascular cambium and cork cambium, are responsible for secondary growth (increase in girth).

Permanent tissues, on the other hand, are derived from meristematic tissues but have undergone differentiation and specialization. They are no longer actively dividing. Permanent tissues are further classified into simple and complex tissues. Simple permanent tissues consist of only one type of cell, such as parenchyma (involved in photosynthesis, storage, and secretion), collenchyma (providing mechanical support to growing stems and leaves), and sclerenchyma (offering rigid support and strength due to their thick, lignified cell walls). Complex permanent tissues, conversely, are made up of different types of cells working together. The vascular tissues, xylem and phloem, are prime examples. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and provides structural support. Phloem conducts sugars produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Epidermal tissue forms the protective outer covering of the plant body.