Väljundimpendantsi

Väljundimpendantsi, often translated as output impedance, is a fundamental parameter in electronics that describes the internal resistance of an electrical source or a circuit's output stage. It quantifies how much the output voltage of a source will drop when a load is connected and draws current. A lower output impedance indicates that the source can deliver current more effectively without significant voltage loss, making it ideal for driving loads that require substantial current. Conversely, a higher output impedance means that the output voltage is more sensitive to the current drawn by the load, potentially leading to reduced performance or signal degradation.

The output impedance is a complex value, comprising both resistive and reactive components, though in many applications, it is approximated by its resistive component. It is typically measured in ohms. Understanding the output impedance of a device is crucial for proper circuit design and component matching. For instance, in audio systems, a low output impedance amplifier is preferred to drive loudspeakers effectively and maintain consistent sound quality across different volumes. In contrast, some circuits, like certain sensors or signal generators, might intentionally have a higher output impedance. The relationship between output impedance, load impedance, and current is governed by Ohm's Law and the voltage divider principle.