Väliskaubandusbilanss

Väliskaubandusbilanss, also known as the balance of trade, is a key component of a country's balance of payments. It is defined as the difference between the monetary value of a nation's exports and its imports over a specific period. Exports are goods and services sold to other countries, while imports are goods and services purchased from other countries.

A positive väliskaubandusbilanss occurs when a country's exports exceed its imports, resulting in a trade surplus. This indicates that the country is earning more from its foreign sales than it is spending on foreign purchases. Conversely, a negative väliskaubandusbilanss, known as a trade deficit, arises when imports are greater than exports. This suggests that the country is spending more on foreign goods and services than it is earning from its exports.

The väliskaubandusbilanss is influenced by a multitude of factors, including exchange rates, global economic conditions, domestic demand and supply, trade policies, and the competitiveness of a nation's industries. Governments and economists closely monitor the väliskaubandusbilanss as it can have significant implications for a country's economy, affecting employment levels, currency value, and overall economic growth. For instance, persistent trade deficits can lead to increased national debt and a weaker currency, while consistent trade surpluses can contribute to economic stability and currency appreciation.