Välikorvantulehdus

Välikorvantulehdus, also known as otitis media, is an inflammation or infection of the middle ear. It is a common ailment, particularly in children, due to the anatomy of their Eustachian tubes, which are shorter and more horizontal than those of adults, making them more prone to blockage.

The condition typically begins when the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, becomes blocked, often due to a cold, allergies, or other respiratory infections. This blockage prevents fluid from draining properly from the middle ear. The trapped fluid can then become a breeding ground for bacteria or viruses, leading to infection and inflammation.

Symptoms of välikorvantulehdus can vary. Common signs include ear pain, a feeling of fullness in the ear, difficulty hearing, and sometimes fever. In young children, irritability, tugging at the ear, and difficulty sleeping are often observed. In some cases, fluid may drain from the ear, indicating a ruptured eardrum, which is usually not a cause for significant concern and often heals on its own.

Diagnosis is usually made by a healthcare professional based on a physical examination of the ear using an otoscope. Treatment depends on the severity of the infection and the age of the patient. For mild cases, particularly viral infections, watchful waiting and pain relief might be recommended. Antibiotics are typically prescribed for bacterial infections. In recurrent or persistent cases, surgical intervention like the insertion of ear tubes (tympanostomy tubes) may be considered to improve drainage and ventilation of the middle ear.