Vocal

Vocal is an adjective and noun relating to the voice or to singing. It describes speech or song produced by the human vocal apparatus, as well as music performed with the voice rather than instruments. In linguistics, vocal also refers to sound produced by vibrating vocal folds.

The larynx houses the vocal folds, which vibrate as air passes through, producing sound. Pitch is controlled by tension, length, and mass of the folds; resonance in the vocal tract shapes tone.

In music, vocal refers to singing and to voice parts. Vocal music includes solo, ensemble, and choral works. Voices are commonly classified by range and timbre (for example soprano, alto, tenor, bass), though systems vary.

Vocal technique and care: Training emphasizes breath control, phonation, articulation, and resonance. Healthy singing requires hydration, rest, and avoiding strain; overuse or infections can cause nodules.

Linguistics and usage: The term also appears as vocalic regarding vowels, and in phrases like "vocal cords." In rhetoric, a vocal person expresses opinions openly.

Etymology: From Latin vocalis "of the voice," from vox "voice."