Vijayadashami

Vijayadashami, also known as Dussehra or Dashain in Nepal, is a major Hindu festival observed on the tenth day of the bright half of the month of Ashwin (Dashami) in the Hindu calendar. It marks the culmination of Navaratri, a nine-night festival devoted to the goddess Durga, and typically falls in September or October in the Gregorian calendar.

Rituals and emphasis vary by region. In northern, central, and western India, the day often features Ramlila performances, processions, and the burning of effigies of Ravana, Meghnath, and Kumbhakarna to symbolize the victory of good over evil. In eastern India, particularly Bengal, Vijayadashami coincides with the conclusion of Durga Puja and the immersion of Durga idols. In Nepal, Dashain spans several days, with the tenth day observed as Vijaya Dashami when elders bless younger relatives with Tika and Jamara, and families gather for feasts and gifts.

Symbolically, Vijayadashami represents the triumph of virtue over malevolence. In Hindu mythology, it is associated with Durga’s victory over the buffalo demon Mahishasura, and in some traditions with Rama’s defeat of Ravana. The festival is also linked to harvest celebrations and the beginning of new beginnings in various communities.

Observances commonly include temple worship, feasts, cultural performances, and fairs. Public celebrations often emphasize courage, righteousness, and the restoration of harmony after adversity, with regional practices reflecting local customs and legends.