Viaszpecsételés

Viaszpecsételés is a method of sealing documents or objects using molten wax. Historically, it was a common way to secure letters and important papers, ensuring they had not been tampered with. The process typically involves heating a stick of sealing wax until it becomes liquid, then dripping it onto the flap of an envelope or the closure of a container. While the wax is still warm, a signet ring, seal, or other imprinted object is pressed into it, leaving a distinct impression. This impression served as a signature and a mark of authenticity.

The composition of sealing wax has varied over time and region. Traditionally, it was made from beeswax, with added colorants like vermilion for red wax, or lampblack for black. Resins were often included to make the wax harder and less brittle, and turpentine was sometimes added to improve its pliability. Modern sealing waxes often use synthetic materials for greater durability and consistency.

Viaszpecsételés was particularly important in medieval times and during the Renaissance, when literacy was less widespread, and a physical impression was a reliable way to verify the sender's identity. It was used by royalty, nobility, merchants, and even ordinary individuals for personal correspondence. The practice has largely been replaced by more modern security measures like adhesive envelopes and digital signatures, but it persists today as a decorative element and in certain ceremonial or archival contexts. It remains a popular choice for wedding invitations, gift wrapping, and craft projects, evoking a sense of tradition and elegance.