Vesipallo

Vesipallo, also known as water polo, is a team sport played in a swimming pool. Two teams of seven players (six field players plus a goalkeeper) compete to score goals by throwing the ball into the opponent’s net. The goals are 3 meters wide, and the playing area includes a 2-meter zone in front of each goal where field players may not hold or touch the ball.

A match typically consists of four periods of eight minutes of playing time in international competition, with the clock stopping for goals, fouls, and substitutions. Teams may substitute players during stoppages through a designated area, and substitutions can occur multiple times. Fouls are categorized as ordinary fouls, exclusion fouls, and penalty fouls; penalties result in a direct shot from the 5-meter line, while other fouls may lead to free throws or player exclusions.

Equipment for vesipallo includes a waterproof water polo ball, swim caps with ear protection, and swimsuits. The pool used for international play is typically about 25 to 30 meters long and at least 20 meters wide, with depth sufficient to allow players to tread water and maneuver.

Governing bodies and competitions: internationally, the sport is governed by World Aquatics (formerly FINA). National federations organize domestic leagues and national teams. Water polo is an Olympic sport, with men’s competition dating to 1900 and women’s since 2000, and it features at world championships and continental championships.

History and reach: vesipallo originated in the late 19th century in Europe and spread globally, with long-standing traditions in several countries. It combines elements of swimming, ball-handling skill, and tactical teamwork, making it a demanding aquatic sport.