Vesiniktsüaniid

Vesiniktsüaniid, also known as hydrogen cyanide (HCN), is a colorless, extremely poisonous, and volatile liquid with a faint bitter almond odor. It is a chemical compound with the formula HCN. In its pure form, it is a liquid at room temperature, but it has a low boiling point and readily evaporates into a gas. Vesiniktsüaniid is highly soluble in water and other polar solvents.

Industrially, vesiniktsüaniid is produced through various methods, including the Andrussow process, which involves the catalytic oxidation of methane and ammonia. It is a crucial intermediate in the production of many organic chemicals, such as adiponitrile, which is used to make nylon. It is also used in the synthesis of other important compounds like methyl methacrylate and sodium cyanide.

Due to its extreme toxicity, vesiniktsüaniid poses a significant hazard. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. It interferes with cellular respiration, leading to rapid suffocation at the cellular level. Historically, it has been used in chemical warfare agents and as a fumigant, though its use in these applications is now heavily restricted or banned in many countries. Safe handling and storage procedures are paramount when working with or transporting vesiniktsüaniid.