Verdrehungsphänomen

Verdrehungsphänomen, also known as torsion or twisting phenomenon, refers to a pathological condition where a tubular organ or structure in the body rotates upon its own axis. This rotation can obstruct the lumen of the organ, leading to a compromised blood supply and potentially causing ischemia or infarction. The most common sites for verdrehungsphänomen are the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the small intestine (intestinal volvulus) and the colon (sigmoid volvulus), and the spermatic cord (torsion of the spermatic cord).

The underlying cause of verdrehungsphänomen can be congenital, such as an abnormally mobile organ due to malrotation during fetal development. Acquired causes can include adhesions from previous surgery, tumors, or large fecal impactions that create a mobile mass around which the organ can twist. Symptoms vary depending on the affected organ but often include sudden onset of severe pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and in the case of testicular torsion, severe scrotal pain and swelling.

Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging such as ultrasound, CT scan, or barium studies. The severity of the condition dictates the treatment. Mild cases might be managed conservatively, but most instances of verdrehungsphänomen require prompt surgical intervention to untwist the affected structure and restore blood flow. If left untreated, complications can include tissue necrosis, perforation, peritonitis, and sepsis, which can be life-threatening. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for a favorable outcome.