Vegyületnév

Vegyületnév is a term used in chemistry to refer to the systematic name assigned to a chemical compound. These names follow internationally recognized rules, most notably those established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The purpose of a vegyületnév is to provide a unique and unambiguous identifier for each chemical substance, allowing scientists worldwide to communicate effectively about its structure and properties.

The naming of organic compounds, which contain carbon, is particularly complex due to the vast number of possible structures. IUPAC nomenclature for organic compounds typically involves identifying the longest carbon chain (the parent chain), functional groups present, and substituents attached to the chain. Prefixes, suffixes, and numerical locants are used to precisely describe the arrangement of atoms. For inorganic compounds, naming conventions are generally simpler, often based on the elements present and their oxidation states. For example, NaCl is named sodium chloride.

While IUPAC names are the most accurate and universally accepted, common or trivial names are also frequently used, especially for well-known substances. These names are often historical and may not reflect the compound's structure directly, such as water for H2O or ammonia for NH3. However, for scientific research and precise chemical identification, the vegyületnév as defined by IUPAC is paramount.