Vateriitti

Vateriitti is a rare and distinctive mineral composed primarily of calcium phosphate, with the chemical formula Ca₃(PO₄)₂. It belongs to the apatite group, which includes other phosphate minerals such as fluorapatite and hydroxylapatite. Vateriitti was first identified in 1962 by Finnish mineralogist Pentti E. Väisänen, who named it after Finnish geologist and mineralogist Väinö Väisänen, a pioneer in Finnish mineral research.

The mineral typically forms as a secondary phase in phosphate-rich environments, often associated with guano deposits, bone-bearing sediments, or fossilized remains. Vateriitti is characterized by its yellow to brownish-yellow color, often with a translucent to opaque appearance. It has a hardness of 4.5 to 5 on the Mohs scale and exhibits a vitreous to resinous luster. Vateriitti crystals are usually prismatic or tabular, sometimes occurring in granular aggregates.

Vateriitti is found in limited locations worldwide, with notable occurrences in Finland, particularly in the type locality of the village of Väisäjärvi, where it was first discovered. Other reported sites include phosphate-rich deposits in Morocco, Tunisia, and the United States. Due to its rarity, Vateriitti is not commonly encountered in mineral collections, and specimens are highly sought after by collectors specializing in phosphate minerals.

The mineral plays a role in geological studies, particularly in understanding phosphate deposition processes and fossil preservation. Vateriitti’s occurrence in guano deposits also makes it relevant to studies of bird and bat caves, where it contributes to the formation of phosphate-rich sediments over time. While not significant in industrial applications, its unique occurrence provides valuable insights into natural phosphate mineralization.