Vasmérgezés

Vasmérgezés refers to the condition of iron overload in the body. While iron is an essential mineral for various bodily functions, including oxygen transport by hemoglobin, excessive accumulation can lead to toxicity. This overload can occur due to a variety of reasons, including genetic disorders, frequent blood transfusions, or certain medical conditions that affect iron absorption or metabolism.

The most common genetic cause of iron overload is hemochromatosis, an inherited disorder where the body absorbs too much iron from the diet. Individuals with hemochromatosis may not experience symptoms for many years, but as iron levels rise, it can deposit in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas. This deposition can cause damage over time, leading to a range of health problems.

Symptoms of iron overload can vary depending on the severity and affected organs. They may include fatigue, joint pain, abdominal pain, liver problems (such as cirrhosis or liver cancer), heart problems (like irregular heartbeats or heart failure), diabetes, and skin discoloration (often described as bronze or gray).

Diagnosis of vasmérgezés typically involves blood tests to measure iron levels, ferritin (a protein that stores iron), and transferrin saturation (a measure of how much iron is bound to a protein that transports it in the blood). Genetic testing can also be used to identify hemochromatosis.

Treatment aims to reduce the excess iron in the body. The primary treatment for hemochromatosis is phlebotomy, which involves regularly drawing blood to remove iron. In cases where phlebotomy is not suitable, iron chelation therapy may be used, which involves medications that bind to iron and help the body excrete it. Managing the underlying cause of iron overload is also crucial.