Valtuuttamiskirja

Valtuuttamiskirja, often translated as a power of attorney or letter of attorney, is a legal document that grants authority to one person, known as the agent or attorney-in-fact, to act on behalf of another person, the principal, in specific matters. This authority can be broad, encompassing all financial and legal affairs, or narrow, limited to a single transaction.

The purpose of a valtuuttamiskirja is to allow someone to manage their affairs when they are unable to do so themselves, whether due to absence, illness, or incapacity. It is a crucial tool for estate planning and ensuring continuity in managing personal and financial matters.

For a valtuuttamiskirja to be legally valid, it must typically be in writing and signed by the principal. In many jurisdictions, the signature must be witnessed by one or more individuals or notarized by a notary public. The specific requirements vary by country and sometimes even by the nature of the authority granted.

There are different types of valtuuttamiskirjat. A general power of attorney grants broad authority, while a special or limited power of attorney restricts the agent's powers to specific actions or a defined period. A durable power of attorney remains in effect even if the principal becomes incapacitated, making it particularly useful for long-term care planning. A springing power of attorney only becomes effective upon the occurrence of a specific event, such as the principal's incapacitation.

Revoking a valtuuttamiskirja requires a written document that explicitly revokes the previously granted authority. The principal can revoke the power of attorney at any time, provided they are mentally competent. Upon the death of the principal, any valtuuttamiskirja automatically becomes invalid.