Valtionpäänäs

Valtionpäänäs is a term that refers to the head of state in a country. The specific title and functions of a head of state vary significantly depending on the form of government. In a presidential system, the president typically serves as both head of state and head of government. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is often a monarch, as in a constitutional monarchy, or a president with largely ceremonial duties, while the head of government is a prime minister who holds executive power.

The role of a head of state can encompass a wide range of responsibilities. These often include representing the nation in domestic and international affairs, acting as a symbol of national unity, and performing constitutional duties such as appointing governments, approving legislation, and serving as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. In some cases, the head of state may also possess reserve powers that can be exercised in times of political crisis. The selection and tenure of heads of state also differ greatly, with some being elected, others hereditary, and some appointed. The legitimacy and authority of a head of state are derived from the constitution and laws of their respective country.