Vakuumkollektorisüsteeme

Vakuumkollektorisüsteeme, also known as vacuum tube collector systems, are a type of solar thermal technology designed to capture solar energy. These systems utilize evacuated tubes, which are essentially glass tubes with a vacuum created between an inner and outer layer. This vacuum acts as an excellent insulator, significantly reducing heat loss to the surrounding environment.

Inside the vacuum tubes are absorber surfaces, typically made of a dark material with selective coatings that maximize the absorption of solar radiation while minimizing heat emission. A heat transfer fluid, such as water or an antifreeze mixture, flows through channels or pipes within or adjacent to these absorber surfaces. As sunlight strikes the absorbers, the fluid is heated.

The heated fluid then circulates from the collectors to a storage tank, where its thermal energy can be used for various purposes. These applications commonly include domestic hot water heating and space heating for buildings. In some cases, they can also be used for industrial process heat.

The primary advantage of vacuum tube collectors over flat plate collectors lies in their superior performance, particularly in colder or windy conditions. The vacuum insulation minimizes heat losses, allowing them to operate more efficiently at lower ambient temperatures and achieve higher fluid temperatures. This makes them a viable option in climates where flat plate collectors might struggle to deliver sufficient heat. However, vacuum tube systems can be more complex and expensive to manufacture and install.