Vahelduvvoolumootor

Vahelduvvoolumootor, often referred to as an AC motor, is a type of electric motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by utilizing alternating current. Unlike its direct current counterpart, the AC motor's operation relies on the changing direction of the current in its windings to generate a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field then interacts with the rotor, inducing a torque and causing it to spin.

There are two primary categories of AC motors: induction motors and synchronous motors. Induction motors are the most common type, characterized by their simplicity, robustness, and low cost. In an induction motor, the rotor's magnetic field is induced by the stator's rotating magnetic field, causing the rotor to "lag" slightly behind the stator field, hence the term "induction." Synchronous motors, on the other hand, operate at a speed directly proportional to the frequency of the AC supply and the number of poles in the motor. Their rotors are either permanent magnets or electromagnets that lock in step with the stator's rotating magnetic field.

AC motors find widespread applications across various industries, from household appliances like washing machines and fans to industrial machinery such as pumps, compressors, and conveyor belts. Their efficiency, reliability, and ability to operate directly from the mains power supply make them a fundamental component of modern technology. The speed of an AC motor can often be controlled by varying the frequency of the supplied power, typically achieved through the use of variable-frequency drives (VFDs).