Vaakumsünnitus

Vaakumsünnitus, also known as vacuum-assisted delivery or vacuum extraction, is a procedure used during childbirth to assist in the delivery of a baby when vaginal birth is proving difficult. It involves using a soft suction cup, typically made of silicone or metal, that is attached to the baby's head. The cup is then gently pulled by the healthcare provider while the mother is simultaneously pushing, to help guide the baby out of the birth canal.

This method is typically employed when the mother is experiencing prolonged labor, the baby is showing signs of distress, or when pushing efforts are insufficient. It is considered a safer alternative to forceps delivery in many situations, as the suction cup is less likely to cause injury to the baby's head. However, like any medical procedure, it carries potential risks for both the mother and the baby.

Risks for the baby can include scalp bruising, cuts, or swelling from the suction cup. In rare cases, more serious injuries like cephalohematoma (bleeding under the scalp) or even intracranial hemorrhage can occur. For the mother, potential risks include vaginal tearing, bruising, or a swollen perineum.

A decision to use a vacuum extractor is made by a qualified obstetrician or midwife based on the specific circumstances of the labor and delivery. The procedure is only performed when it is deemed safe and beneficial for both mother and child. Not all births are suitable candidates for vacuum extraction, and other interventions, such as a Cesarean section, may be considered if vacuum assistance is not successful or deemed appropriate.