Vääntömekanismi

Vääntömekanismi, known in English as a torsion mechanism or torsion bar suspension, is a type of mechanical system that utilizes the torsional properties of a flexible rod or bar to store and release energy. When one end of the bar is twisted relative to the other, it stores potential energy due to the material's resistance to twisting. This stored energy can then be released, causing the bar to untwist and perform work.

In automotive applications, torsion mechanisms are commonly employed as suspension components. A torsion bar connects the vehicle's chassis to its suspension arm. As the wheel encounters a bump or depression, the suspension arm pivots, causing the torsion bar to twist. The bar then acts like a spring, absorbing the shock and returning the suspension to its neutral position. This system offers advantages such as a lower center of gravity compared to coil springs and the ability to adjust ride height by altering the bar's preload.

Beyond vehicles, torsion mechanisms find use in various other devices. They can be integrated into simple toys, providing the spring action for movement. In some clockwork mechanisms, torsion springs store energy to drive the timepiece. They are also present in certain types of simple tools, where twisting a handle can engage a mechanism for a specific function. The principle relies on the material's elastic limit, ensuring that the twisting does not cause permanent deformation, allowing for repeated cycles of energy storage and release. The strength and flexibility of the torsion mechanism can be tailored by selecting appropriate materials and dimensions for the torsion bar.