Utbildningslagen

The Utbildningslagen, officially known as the Swedish Education Act (2009:200), is a national law that regulates the provision of education at all levels within Sweden. The Act was adopted on 1 October 2009 and came into force on 1 January 2010, replacing earlier legislation that had governed education since 1920. It establishes the legal framework for Sweden’s comprehensive, inclusive, and equitable educational system.

Key principles of the Act include the right to free, compulsory and non‑discriminatory school attendance for children aged seven to 16. The Act defines the responsibilities of municipalities, which must provide primary, secondary and vocational schools, and it extends to secondary and upper secondary education, which is largely organized by municipal governments. Most higher‑education institutions are governed by separate laws, but the Utbildningslagen sets core standards for quality and equality that all schools must meet.

The law emphasizes the rights of pupils and students, including the principle of equal opportunity regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background or disability. It requires that schools provide appropriate accommodations and support for learners with special needs. Assessment, curriculum design, teacher qualifications and school safety are also covered, along with policies for integrated and inclusive schooling.

The Utbildningslagen is amended periodically to reflect changing educational needs and societal values, ensuring that Sweden’s education system remains responsive, modern, and consistent with European standards for inclusive education.