Universalmotorer

Universalmotorer are a type of electric motor that can operate on either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power sources. This versatility stems from their construction, which resembles that of a DC series motor. They feature a stator with field windings and a rotor with an armature winding, both connected in series. When AC power is applied, the current in both the stator and rotor windings reverses simultaneously, resulting in a consistent direction of torque and rotation. This lack of dependence on current direction is key to their universal operation. The primary advantage of universal motors is their ability to achieve high starting torque and high speed, often exceeding that of other motor types for a given size. However, they also tend to be noisy and less efficient than AC induction motors. Brushes and a commutator are essential components, which can lead to wear and require maintenance. Their compact size and high power-to-weight ratio make them suitable for portable power tools like drills, blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hand mixers. Despite their limitations, their widespread application in household appliances and tools is a testament to their practical utility and cost-effectiveness in certain scenarios.