Underkontinencia

Underkontinencia, also known as paradoxical incontinence, is a rare condition characterized by involuntary loss of urine, usually in people confined to beds or wheelchairs. This type of incontinence occurs when the spinal cord injury or neurological disorder interferes with both the storage function of the bladder and the voluntary control over the external anal sphincter and urethral sphincter muscles. As a result, these muscles contract simultaneously, leading to complete or near-complete loss of bladder control.

The causes of underkontinencia can include spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and other neurological disorders. The condition is more common in people with tetraplegia or high-level incomplete spinal cord injuries. Patients with underkontinencia usually require ongoing management and care to manage urinary incontinence, which may involve catheterization, timed voiding, and other strategies to increase bladder storage capacity and promote voluntary control.

Symptoms of underkontinencia may include urge incontinence, frequent incontinence, and involuntary loss of urine, which can be constant or episodic. Quality of life for individuals with underkontinencia is significantly affected, as this condition can lead to social isolation, stress, and anxiety related to managing incontinence. Treatment options are available, and individuals should seek professional advice and consultation with healthcare providers to discuss and develop a personalized treatment plan. Researchers continue to seek a deeper understanding of underkontinencia in order to improve diagnosis, care, and adaptive management techniques for individuals with the condition.