Ulcusperforatie

Ulcusperforatie refers to the perforation of an ulcer, most commonly a peptic ulcer, through the wall of an organ such as the stomach or duodenum. This condition represents a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease. When an ulcer erodes through the full thickness of the organ wall, it creates an opening that allows the contents of the organ, including digestive juices and food, to leak into the peritoneal cavity.

The symptoms of ulcusperforatie can be sudden and severe. Patients typically experience intense, sharp abdominal pain that may radiate to the shoulder. This is often followed by signs of peritonitis, such as a rigid abdomen, fever, and rapid heart rate. The leakage of gastric or duodenal contents into the sterile peritoneal space triggers a chemical peritonitis, which can quickly progress to bacterial peritonitis if not treated promptly.

Diagnosis usually involves imaging studies like an abdominal X-ray, which can reveal free air under the diaphragm (pneumoperitoneum), a hallmark sign of perforation. A CT scan may also be used for confirmation and to assess the extent of leakage.

Ulcusperforatie is a surgical emergency. Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to close the perforation and wash out the peritoneal cavity. In some cases, the underlying cause, such as a Helicobacter pylori infection or the use of NSAIDs, may also be addressed to prevent recurrence. Prompt medical attention is crucial for a favorable outcome.